When teeth scaling alone doesn’t suffice, wherein cleaning has not been done for the long time due to multiple reasons, deposits seep through the gums and accumulate around the tooth surface including roots. This in turn causes gums to recede i.e. the gum line moves away from the teeth surface. Also in severe gum diseases, gum surgery is needed after thorough cleaning and root planing. In such cases a thorough cleaning extending subgingivally or under the gum margin, sometimes including roots also is required in order to save the teeth in the long run.